uMthunywa
NXA uphila legcikwane leHIV, into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuze uvikele ukuthelela abanye njalo uhlale uphilile yikunatha amaphilisi akho ama-antiretroviral therapy or ART, nsukuzonke, ngendlela okucetshiswa ngayo.
Abantu abaphila legcikwane leHIV abanatha kuhle amaphilisi abo nsuku zonke njalo igcikwane labo elingabonakaliyo emzimbeni yabo ngeke bathelele abathandana labo abangaphili legcikwane leli. Kulezinye njalo indlela ongakhetha kuzo ngaphansi.
Nxa ungelalo igcikwane leHIV, ulendlela ezimbalwa ongazivikela ngazo kugcikwane leHIV. Ungalandela indlela ezinengi kulezi ulakho ukwengeza amathuba akho okuzivikela.
Ungakwazi:
– Sebenzisa ijazi lomkhwenyana. — Amakhondomu asebenza kuhle kakhulu ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwegcikwane nxa ungawasebenzisa ngendlela eqondileyo zikhathi zonke nxa usiya emacansini. Funda indlela eqondileyo yokusebenzisa ikhondomu labesilisa lelabesifazane.
-Yehlisa inani labantu ohlangana labo emacansini — Lokhu kunganciphisa amathuba okuba lomngane ongakuthelela igcikwane leHIV. Nxa usiba labangane abanengi, usengozini yokucina usiba lomngane olegcikwane leHIV njalo elingacindezelwanga kumbe ulakho ukuba lomngane oyabe elomkhuhlane othelelwana emacansini. Lokhu kokubili kungengeza ingozi yokuba uthelelwe igcikwane leHIV.
-Xoxisana lodokotela mayelana le-PrEP — I-pre-exposure prophylaxis yimithi ongayinatha nsuku zonke enganciphisa amathuba okuthola iHIV. Nxa ungayinatha nsuku zonke, iPrEP ingamisa iHIV ukuthi ikubambe njalo isabalale emzimbeni wakho wonke. I-PrEP ingakusiza nxa ungelayo iHIV njalo ulobudlelwano lomuntu ophila legcikwane leHIV. IPrEP ingaba lusizo njalo nxa ungathandani lomuntu oyedwa osanda kuhlolwa iHIV otholakale engelalo igcikwane, njalo nxa ungumuntu ongandisanga ukusebenzisa amakhondomu nxa usiya emacansini labantu ongaziyo izimo zabo kodwa abasengozini yokuthola igcikwane leli.
-Natha iPEP kungakedluli amahola angu-72 ngemva kokuba sengozini yokuthola iHIV — I-post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) kutsho ukuthi unathe imithi yeHIV ukuze uzivikele ekuthelelekeni igcikwane ngemva kokuba sengozini yokuthelelwa igcikwane leli. Nxa ungelayo iHIV njalo ungakwazi isimo sakho seHIV njalo ubona angathi uke waba sengozini yeHIV ngesikhathi usemacansini (isibonelo: nxa ikhondomu ingadubuka), khuluma lobona ngezempilakahle loba udokotela ngePEP masinyane (kungakedluli amalanga amathathu). Ungaphangisa ukuthola iPEP, uyehlisa amathuba okuba legcikwane leli, ngoba ihola linye ngalinye eledlulayo lingaba lusizo. Nxa kungaqunywa ukuthi unathe iPEP, kumele uyinathe kanye loba kabili nsuku zonke okwamalanga angu-28.
-Ukusokwa kwabesilisa — Ukudingisisa osekwenziwe kuveza ukuthi ukusokwa kwabesilisa esibhedlela kuyehlisa amathuba okuthi owesilisa abe legcikwane leHIV ngokuhlangana lowesifazana emacansini, okwenza kube yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuzivikela kugcikwane leli. AbezeSayensi sebeveze ukuthi ukusokwa kuyanciphisa amathuba okuthi owesilisa athole igcikwane leHIV ngesilinganiso se-60 phesenti.
-Hlolwa futhi welatshelwe eminye imikhuhlane ethelelwana emacansini (STDs) njalo ukhuthaze othandana laye ukuthi enze ngokufanayo — Nxa ulokhu usiya emacansini hlolelwa igcikwane leHIV kanye ngomnyaka. Ukuba lemikhuhlane ethelelwana emacansini kwengeza amathuba akho okuba sengozini yokuba leHIV. Imikhuhlane ethelelwana emacansini ingaba lempumela embi engavela ngemva kwesikhathi eside. Dinga lapho ongahlolwa khona imikhuhlane yemacansini.
–Nxa wena ungela HIV kodwa uthandana laye ephila leHIV, khuthaza omunye wakho ukuthi ayethatha amaphilisi eHIV anathe — Nxa angawanatha nsuku zonke ngendlela ebekiweyo, amaphilisi eHIV ayehlisa isilinganiso segcikwane egazini (viral load) sibe phansi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-undetectable viral load. Abantu abaphila leHIV abanatha amaphilisi abo nsuku zonke njalo abahlala isilinganiso segcikwane egazini singabonakali balakho ukuba babe lempilakahle futhi kabalangozi yokuthelela abathandana labo abaHIV-negative igcikwane ngokuhlangana emacansini.
(Acknowledgements: www.hiv.gov)
